CH5_FlaggR

=Chapter (5) Section (1)=

In this image, I see a person strumming a string, and it produces a loud noise. You can tell it is loud because another person's reaction shows him screeching, and his hair blown away by this loud pitch. Also, there is a dog silently strumming a one string guitar.
 * What Do You See?**

They make different sounds by applying pressure on different parts of the string. The shorter distance you cut the string off by, the higher the note will be. The would make the highest pitched notes on the thinnest string at the shortest distance on the string.
 * **What Do You Think?** **

** ** ** To produce sound, there must be a vibratio n. Vibrate: Move back and forth rapidly. Variable: Something that can change or vary during an investigation. Pitch: How high or low a note is. Length and tension are the two variables that affect pitch. The shorter the string, the higher the pitch. Adding mass increases tension, which makes the pitch higher. Instruments work by vibrating. ** ** When tuning an instrument, the player can either tighten or loosen the strings to make different sounds. Increasing the tension and decreasing the length increase pitch. In drums, the head of the drum vibrates. The length or area of the vibrating surface will behave in the same way as the string. ** ** 1. **As the tension of the string increases, the pitch also increases. 2. When the length decreases, the pitch of the sound that the string produces becomes higher. 3. By adding more mass, the tension increased, via higher pitch. 4. A sound is produced in a percussion instrument when the instrument is struck and it vibrates.
 * ** **Physics Talk** ** **
 * ** **Checking Up** ** **

Dame Evelyn Glennie might be deaf, but that does not stop her from being an incredible percussionist. She explains that hearing is not the only way to understand a sound, you can also feel the sound's vibration, which is how she makes her music. This actuall y makes sense though because hearing has to do with vibrations, which make sound. So they type of vibration represents what pitch she is actually performing on her instruments. The low sounds were felt in her legs and feet and high sounds felt in the face, neck and chest. Dame can see items move/vibrate. An electrical signal is generated in the ear and various bits of other information from our other senses all get sent to the brain which then processes the data to create a sound picture.
 * Inquiring Further **

1b. When the strin g has more tension, it makes a higher pitched sound compared to when the string has less tension 2a. You can change the length by pressing on the string at different points. 2b. The shorter the string, the higher the pitch, and the longer the string, the lower the pitch. It is an inverse squared relationship. ** ** 3a. You can increase the length. When adjusting the tuners on the neck of the guitar, you change the tension of the string and keep the pitch the same. 3b. You can change the tension or the thickness of the string and keep the pitch the same by moving your fingers on the frets. 4. If you decrease the length and increase tension of the string at the same time the pitch would be very high. If you decreased the tension and increased the length the pitch would be very low. 5a. A guitarist plays different notes on a guitar and violin. The instruments are tuned by changing the position of their fingers on the strings, making the strings longer or shorter for different pitches. The amount of strings can differentiate the pitches. 5b. Instrument tuners can increase or decrease tension on the strings. The more tight they are adjusted, the greater the pitch. ** 6b. A guitar needs tuners to change the pitch the string gives off to make an appealing sound. 6c. As the string stretches length increases, thus a lower pitch. 7a. the purpose of frets is to change the length of the string. ** 7b. Violins and cellos do not have frets. 7c. Yes, violinists require more accuracy because frets are not there to show where to put your fingers to play certain notes. 8. For the show, the instrument I would create would have 3 different strings, each of different tensions. The first string would be for highest notes and the last string would be for the lowest notes. The middle string would be for notes in-between. It would have different frets to show where to put your fingers if you want to play a higher or lower pitched note. Tuners would be at the end of the string in case the strings loosen up too much. In summary, this instrument would be very similar to a guitar except with 3 less strings.
 * PTG**
 * 1a. You can change the tension by adding more or less weight to the string.
 * 6a. The purpose of these knobs is to keep the string attached, while at the sam e amount of tension.


 * What Do You Think Now?**
 * Musicians make different pitches when playing the guitar based upon two variables: the tension of the strings and the length of the strings. In order to create different pitches, these variables need to be altered. They shorten the string by pressing on frets closer to where they are plucking. They add tension to the strings by using the tuners and tightening them. If one were to pretend like they were doing the air guitar to make a high pitch, they would also move their hands together to decreases the length of the string. **

=Chapter(5) Section (2)=

In this picture, I see a man holding a slinky connected to something sticking out of the ground. The slinky is waving up and down. There is also person above the slinky on a surfboard as if she were riding the wave.
 * What Do You See?**


 * **What Do You Think?** **
 * ** Water moves when it is in the ocean by going up and down, resulting in a waving motion. In the open ocean, the water moves up and down, but most likely not as high as it would by the shoreline. ** **


 * Physics Talk**
 * A wave is a transfer of energy with no net transfer of mass. A medium is the material through which a wave can travel. Energy transfers from your arm to the coil. Periodic wave is a repetitive series of pulses; a wave sequence in which the particles of the medium undergo periodic motion that is, after a fixed amount of time, the medium returns to its starting point and then repeats its oscillation. A crest is the highest point of displacement of a wave. Trough is the lowest point of displacement of a wave. Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a particle as a wave passes; the height of a wave crest; it is related to the wave's energy. When there is a large amplitude in a vibrating string, the sound is loud. Wavelength is the distance between two identical points in consecutive cycles of a wave. Frequency is the number of waves produced per unit time; the frequency is the reciprocal of the amount of time it takes for a single wavelength to pass a point **

1. A wave is a transfer of energy with no net transfer of mass. 2. A transverse wave is a wave in which the motion of the medium is perpendicular to the motion of the wave and a longitudinal wave is a wave in which the motion of the medium is parallel to the direction of the motion of the wave. 3. A node is the point of the wave where the medium has no motion, while an antinode is the point of max displacement
 * Checking Up**

1a. Amplitude is how far you go side to side. For wavelength, you measure the crest and multiply by two because of the trough (meters). Frequency measure how many times your hands go back and forth. Every time it goes up and back, that is 1 cycle, and you do how many times per second. For speed, the total distance over the total time. 1b. Amplitude is in meters.Wave length is in meters. Frequency is 1/seconds. Speed is meters per second. 1c. Amplitude is unrelated to anything. Frequency and wavelength are inversely related. Wave speed depends on the medium. 2a. If frequency increases, wave length decreases. By changing wave speed, you change tension in string. 2b. Frequency and wave length change. 2c. Wave speed doesn't change. 4. You could measure the frequency by counting how many waves are passing and divide it by how long in time the video was. 5a. meters 5b. Hz or Hertz 5c. meters/seconds 5d. wavelength * frequency 5e. wavelength * frequency = speed 6a. A standing wave is a wave that remains in constant position as it follows a pattern. ** 7a. A transverse wave is a wave in which the motion of the medium is perpendicular to the motion of the wave and a longitudinal wave is a wave in which the motion of the medium is parallel to the direction of the motion of the wave. 7b. Transverse waves move back and forth while longitudinal waves move up and down. ** 7c. The other wave was generated due to the law of conservation of energy, the wave hits the end of the spring and bounces back. 8a. We made the wavelength shorter by increasing the frequency. 8b. We made the wavelength longer by decreasing the frequency. 9a. (n)(1/2)(WL) = L 5*.5*wavelength = 5 L = 2 m 4* .5* wavelength = 5 L = 2.5 m 3 x .5 x wavelength = 5 L = 3.33 m 2* .5* wavelength = 5 L = 5 m 1* .5* wavelength = 5 L = 1 m 9b. The greater the frequency, the shorter the wavelength 10a. (1)(.5)(wavelength)=10 wavelength= 20 m b. f=1/T f= 1/2 Hz 10b. 1Hz 10c. speed = d/t = 20/2 = 10m/s 11a. 3m + 2m = 5m 11b. If the pulses were on opposite sides of the coiled spring you would subtract them and then the amplitude would end up being 1m instead. 12. speed = d/t 13a. The position for the clothes is the nodes because there is no movement. 13b. (3)(.5)wavelength=9 wavelength= 6 m. 13c. The wavelength could be 3 meters or even 1.5 meters. As long as you always divide by 2.
 * PTG**
 * 3. By measuring from 1 point on a wave to the same point on the next wave
 * 6b. ** [[image:webkit-fake-url://C3A06719-6711-49F0-BF15-23638FD1E454/swf.gif caption="swf.gif"]]
 * 6c. You can find the wavelength by measuring one spot on the wave to the same position on another wave.

===**What Do You Think Now** === After studying the motion of waves in this section, we can now describe the motion of water. Water is very unique in its motion. The wavelengths increase as frequency decreases. Since wavelength increases, amplitude also increases since it is directly related to wavelength. The water forming the wave has particles that move up and down about the medium. The medium is wind. The wind moves left and right, back and forth. This happens constantly. When two waves meet, they add and continue in their respective directions without losing any energy. If one were to examine these waves, they can find the wavelength by measuring the distance between to identical points of the wave.